June 13, 2009, Enduring Democracy Limited Government

Liberty Institute In partnership with Friedrich Naumann–Stiftung für die Freiheit
Cordially invite you to the
Julian L. Simon Memorial Lecture
on
Enduring Democracy and Limited Government
The unbreakable partnership
by
Dr Tom G. Palmer
Atlas Economic Research Foundation, USA

Venue: Conference Hall, ASSOCHAM House, 47 Prithviraj Road, New Delhi 110011
Date: 13 June 2009
Programme:
6 pm – Registration
6.30 pm – Welcome
6.40 pm – Talk by Dr Tom Palmer
7.20 pm – Comments and questions
8.00 pm – Refreshments

RSVP
Liberty Institute Tel. 011-28031309 Email: libertyinstitute@gmail.com Web sites: www.InDefenceofLiberty.org , http://www.empoweringindia.org/

Friedrich Naumann - Stiftung für die Freiheit
Tel: 011-26863846
Web site: www.southasia.fnst.org
________________________________________________________________________

Dr. Tom G. Palmer is Vice President for International Programs at the Atlas Economic Research Foundation, General Director of the Atlas Global Initiative for Free Trade, Peace, and Prosperity, and a Senior Fellow of the Cato Institute in Washington, D.C. Previously he was Vice President for International Programs at the Cato Institute and Director of the Center for Promotion of Human Rights. He is the author of Realizing Freedom: Libertarian Theory, History, and Practice, which was just published this month. Dr. Palmer has long been active in the freedom movement and was very active in the late 1980s and the early 1990s in the spread of classical liberal ideas in the Soviet bloc states and their successors.

He continues to be active throughout the region through his work with InLiberty.ru, the Global Initiative’s Russian-language program, and with the Institute’s European programs. He also established and supervises the Global Initiative’s programs in Arabic, Persian, Kurdish, Azerbaijani, Portuguese, Chinese, French, Behasa Melayu/Indonesia, Africa (in a several languages), and he is working to establish new programs to promote classical liberal ideas in Urdu, Hindi, and Vietnamese. He was an H. B. Earhart Fellow at Hertford College, Oxford University, and a vice president of the Institute for Humane Studies at George Mason University. He frequently lectures in Europe, North America, Eurasia, Africa, Latin America, China, and the Middle East — from England to Iraq to China to Kyrgyzstan to Ghana and many other countries — on political science, public choice, civil society, and the moral, legal, and historical foundations of individual rights.

He has published contributions in books published by Princeton University Press, Routledge, Cambridge University Press, and other publishers, and has published articles and reviews on politics and morality in scholarly journals such as the Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy, Ethics, Critical Review, and Constitutional Political Economy, as well as in publications such as Slate, the Wall Street Journal, the New York Times, the Washington Post, Die Welt, and The Spectator of London. He received his B.A. in liberal arts from St. Johns College in Annapolis, Maryland, his M.A. in philosophy from The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C., and his Ph.D. in politics from Oxford University.
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"The ultimate resource is people - especially skilled, spirited, and hopeful young people - who will exert their wills and imaginations for their own benefit, and so, inevitably, for the benefit of us all." -- Julian L. Simon

Prof. Julian L. Simon (1932 – 1998) was an economist and demographer based at the University of Maryland at College Park, just outside Washington DC. He had a special interest in natural resource and environmental issues. He eloquently showed that, contrary to popular perception, all natural resources have become more abundant with economic development, and the only resource that has become dearer is human labour, although our numbers have grown at an unprecedented rate over the past few centuries.
Prof. Simon had published over two dozen books, mostly on population, environment and developmental issues. His most famous book is The Ultimate Resource (1980), which was completely revised and updated in 1997.
Prof. Simon passed away in 1998. He was instrumental in encouraging us establish Liberty Institute as an independent think tank. His last visit to India was in 1997, when he participated in the Institute’s Freedom Workshop. We instituted the memorial lecture to keep alive this spirit of Simon in questioning conventional wisdom and bringing facts to light on a variety of environmental and development issues.
The inaugural lecture was delivered by eminent economist Deepak Lal, James S. Coleman Professor of International Development Studies, University of California, Los Angeles, on “The New Cultural Imperialism: The greens and economic development” in 2000. The next speaker in 2002, was Leon Louw, Executive Director of the Free Market Foundation, and the Good Law Project in Johannesburg, South Africa. His topic was “The Miracle of Poverty”. Prof. C. S. Prakash of Tuskegee University, USA, delivered the third lecture in this series in 2003, when he spoke on “Agricultural Productivity: Role of Modern Technologies”. Prof. Ken Schoolland of Hawaii Pacific University in Honolulu, delivered the lecture in January 2005. The title of his talk was “Courage, Fear and Immigration: The significance of welcoming newcomers in a free economy”. In 2006, Prof. Max Singer of BESA Institute of Bar Ilan University in Israel, spoke on “Humanity in the next hundred years”.

Internet, Transparency and Politics

A talk by Barun Mitra, Chairperson of the Liberty Institute, a Delhi-based think tank, was held at CIS recently, organised by Zainab Bawa in relation to her CIS-RAW project on 'Transparency and Politics'. In this post, the third in a series exploring questions of transparency and politics, Zainab reports on the lecture and discussion.

On April 15, 2009, the Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) hosted a talk by Barun Mitra on “Internet, Transparency and Politics”. Barun Mitra is the Chairperson of Liberty Institute, a think tank based in Delhi. Liberty Institute conducts research and advocacy on policy issues ranging from health, environment and trade to democracy and governance.

In 2004, Liberty Institute developed www.EmpoweringIndia.org (henceforth to be referred to as EI) to compile information that electoral candidates provided in the affidavits they filed before elections. These affidavits contain details of the candidate’s assets and liabilities, education background, PAN number, income tax records and criminal records, if any. The purpose of compiling this information was to standardise it and make it available for the voters in a comprehensive format. This, in turn, would enable voters to use the information and make informed choices when casting their votes.

EI has undergone several rounds of iterations and is already in the third generation of its development. The aim has been to build a robust database that will allow citizens to extract information as per their specific and nuanced queries and use it during the elections and afterwards, to enforce accountability on the part of the elected representatives. Barun Mitra began his talk by emphasising that EI was more than just a website, contrary to what he found was the initial perception of most audiences. He explained, “I was not interested in merely the information. The larger question driving my initiative was ‘how do we look at politics’?” EI was developed to introduce a different paradigm of understanding politics and participating in it.

The interesting aspect of Barun Mitra’s talk was the question he asked--“What makes information flow?” He decided to move beyond the passé rhetoric of “information is power”. Two specific experiences enabled Barun to understand this question around the flow of information. “I had made a presentation to audiences in Kerala about EI in 2008, trying to solicit their support in disseminating the information on the site to local groups in the state. However, the audience in Kerala saw EI only as a website and raised questions accordingly. Following this, I made a presentation to slum dwellers in Delhi who immediately began to demand information about the candidates who were going to contest from their constituencies in the 2008 New Delhi state assembly elections. The slum dwellers and some of the groups working with them even asked me to provide the information in Hindi and local languages. I was surprised by the fact that two vastly diverse audiences responded in such dramatically different ways to EI. That is when I realized that those who have sustained our democracy, namely the poor, need this kind of information. There is a demand for it among them and therefore, we need to supply it. The second experience was from Gujarat. During the 2007 state assembly elections, we found that a number of local media collectives and the panchayats had used the information on EI. This was because the mainstream media was covering the major politicians and candidates in this election while the local groups needed information on all kinds of candidates contesting from their constituencies. I have now come to believe that demand and supply are two aspects to information and it needs to be provided accordingly where the demand for it is emanating from.”

Barun also reiterated that EI is non-judgmental, in that it leaves it to the audiences to decide how they want to interpret the information. This has been a significant paradigm shift in transparency initiatives that are being developed on the belief that providing more information to people enhances engagement between people and the state. Websites of government departments continue to provide information which they see as important for the citizenry. For instance, see www.bmrc.co.in, the website of the Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation, which claims to be transparent and provides particular kinds of information, while concealing other aspects of the project development and implementation. On the other hand, some non-government organisations are focusing on organising large chunks of information concerning particular aspects of governance, and presenting it to people in a way that allows them to extract that information which they find relevant.

One of Barun Mitra’s goals for the future is to develop parameters for judging the performance of elected representatives At the launch of EI in Bangalore on April 16, he pointed out that while he can provide information about the attendance records of MPs (Members of Parliament) in the Lok Sabha (House of the People) sessions, it would be inaccurate to judge the MP’s performance on the basis of this criteria. This is because MPs often sign the attendance register but they may not sit through the Parliament session. He therefore feels that more robust criteria have to be developed which will provide a somewhat holistic picture to the people about the performance of their elected representatives.

Finally, Barun Mitra spoke on the issue of authenticity of the information filed in the affidavits. “People often ask, ‘how authentic is this information?’ The election commission does not take it on itself to verify this information. But I would say that authenticity is a secondary issue. First, we have to make information available to the people. People will then, of their own accord, raise questions about the authenticity of the information. For instance, the Criminal Bureau of Investigation (CBI) has filed cases in the Supreme Court challenging the authenticity and sources of the assets declared by current chief minister (CM) of Uttar Pradesh (UP) Mayawati and former CM Mulayam Singh Yadav.” Specifically, Mayawati’s assets in 2003, which amounted to Rs. 1 crore, increased to Rs. 50 crores in 2007. This information came to light through the affidavit which Mayawati had to file before the state assembly elections in UP in 2007. “Filing such a case was possible only because Mayawati and Mulayam Singh were compelled to provide information about their assets to the public.”

Barun Mitra’s talk raises an important question for me: how effective are initiatives like EI in fostering interaction between the state and the citizens? I will address this question in my next blog post, where I will examine the case of the Digital City project in Amsterdam. I will look at the concepts and practices of cyberspace, urban space and citizenship through the Digital City Project and other projects undertaken to foster transparency. I will then try to analyse the initiatives undertaken during the 2009 general elections in India and make some tentative remarks on democracy and participation.


--
Zainab Bawa
Ph.D. Student and Independent Researcher

A talk on "Politics on the Internet"

The 2009 general elections in India have been preceded by various initiatives that seek to provide information to the voters about candidates contesting the elections. The aim of providing this information is to help voters to make 'informed choices' when casting their votes. With the advent of the internet, information is becoming more accessible. What is the impact of the internet on the political landscape in India?
Barun Mitra will be speaking at The Centre for Internet & Society, Bangalore, on 15th April 2009.

Find more details here.